I LIIIVE! I return alive from the deep dark beyond! Let this day be henceforth known as Easter and proceed to fill your children up with sugar and preservatives!
Anyway. So I’m totally crap at keeping this goshdarned thing updated. Not for lack of material, but simply because me and my feminist attack-womb of immense productivity have been more than a little occupied of late. Yes Yes, Kitty. Fuck off with your excuses and give me head get to the point….
Within the next few days I will actually make an actual blog post (Yunno – with politics and research and shit..) but, for now because I’m feeling like a self-indulgent little harpy, you will have to content yourself with this article what I done wrote for my dear friend Hannah over at her awesome new blog The Dollrag.
Anyway – without further ado, I give you: PORN!
An Obscenity Of One’s Own
My name is Kitty. I’m a feminist, and I love porn.
It may seem that the above statement is anachronistic, an oxymoron; Pornography is exploitation and objectification of women for consumption of a male audience and profit of a patriarchal society; it is the antithesis of everything that feminism stands for. Right?
Well. That depends on who you ask. And also what you mean by ‘Porn.’ To be a little more specific – I’d say that I love the potential of porn. I’ll explain:
An unfortunate misconception about feminists is that they all think the same way.
Most of us soapbox-humping, article-spewing, tofu-munching activist types are wearily aware of the tired old stereotype of feminists as universally joyless, man-hating, fanatically politically correct, ball busting femme-Nazis. Great for comic-relief, but there’s not much room for diversity…
I digress a little – but my point is that feminism and feminist philosophies are as varied and as diverse as the women (and men!) that espouse them. There is no one ‘type’ of feminism, and there is no one ‘type’ of feminist. I’d be very worried if there were..
This is precisely why I take umbrage at the assertion that feminism and pornography are mutually exclusive concepts. In this article, I shall incorporate both my own experience from working in the sex industry as well as writings of other feminists to support my belief that it is not only possible to be a feminist and still enjoy pornography – but also for pornography itself to be a means of empowerment and liberation for women.
I am not one to deny that pornography is a means of exploitation and objectification. I am not, for a second going to argue that the porn industry is (at present) a rich fountain of female empowerment and liberation. Because it is not – well, not for the most part. The truth is that pornography is a multi-billion dollar industry worldwide and that it is for the most part, controlled nearly exclusively by men. However – there are a few points that frequently surface within feminist critiques of pornography that I should like to refute:
Firstly – the accusation that pornography itself encourages violence.
The anti-pornography feminists of the mid 1970s were the first to write about the supposed connection between pornography and male violence (Segal, 1990). However, I have a feeling that I will ruffle a few feathers when I come out and say candidly that there is actually no conclusive evidence to prove that pornography itself causes violence towards women (Jensen, 2004). Studies undertaken in the 1970’s actually found a negative correlation between the consumption of pornography and sexualised violence (Kutchinsky ,1973) and the US Commission on Obscenity and Pornography was also unable to find any evidence of changes in behaviour following short or long-term exposure to pornographic material (Kutchinsky, 1973).
However, some feminist theorists of the likes of Andrea Dworkin and Catherine MacKinnon, actually go further than stating that pornography encourages violence, they maintain that pornography IS violence (Segal, 1990). In fact, according to this wacky duo, pornography lies behind not only all forms of female oppression – but is also responsible for all forms of violence, brutality and murder throughout human history (Dworkin, 1981).
To quote Dworkin directly, Pornography is apparently akin to ‘Dachau brought into the bedroom and celebrated’ (Dworkin, 1981).
Ignoring the insensitive and inappropriate comparisons to the holocaust, I’d like to point out the inherent danger in this statement: It is a generalisation of all forms of pornography, of all representations of sexual activity as abusive, exploitative and dangerous. Thankfully, much of the backlash to this outlandish statement came from feminists themselves during the early 1980s – believing that the cultural contempt for women far outdated the commercial growth of pornography, and that to blame women’s powerlessness solely upon their portrayals within sexually explicit materials is to downplay the far larger problems inherent within our society – ignoring the inherent misogyny in our political, legal, social, religious, economic and educational systems (Segal, 1990). I must say – I agree emphatically.
In some ways I find this assertion that pornography causes rape as disturbing as genuine rape apologists – because it is taking all of the responsibility away from those that commit sexualised violence and placing it on a convenient scapegoat. ‘Pornography made me Rape’ – it’s pretty much the sexualised equivalent of the Twinkie defence. Rapists and abusers make a choice to harm, humiliate, demean and disempower their victims – to claim that they are themselves helpless victims left powerless by the porno bogey man is to release them from any moral delinquency and thereby excuse themselves from punishment. All the while, consenting adults who have made a conscious, free choice to make or view pornography get the blame.
Can someone tell me how this is at all logical – or respectful to those that have actually experienced abuse and violence?
Dworkin’s statement alone is an insult to the free choice made by any woman that ever happily, and without coercion or threat removed her clothing – either for the camera or for a live audience. Having both modelled for erotic photography and spent three years working as an exotic dancer myself (and known many other sex workers, porn starlets and strippers with similar experiences) I can safely say that there are indeed countless women that are quite happy to do so – and, believe it or not, actually find empowerment and liberation from such apparently abusive activities.
Part of feminism is the notion of choice – it is the ability to make decisions for oneself about what we do with our bodies and our lives in a free and respectful environment. It’s about having our choices and our autonomy respected as the conscious decisions of intelligent and capable beings. Whether that choice involves staying home with kids, having a career or even ejaculating on camera – we really CAN have it all!
Insulting and illogical rhetoric aside, it seems that Dworkin herself was one of the main head-kickers in the formation of something called the Minneapolis Ordinance – a piece of legislation passed in Minneapolis in 1983 that allowed for the pursuit of legal prosecution against any individual or organisation by persons claiming that they had been damaged as a result of pornography. Can anyone else see the tidal wave of trouble that this would open up?
While it is certainly true that there have been many, many women who have suffered genuine abuse and exploitation as a result of being coerced and manipulated (either by poverty, addiction or abusive men) into participating in pornography – My problem here lies within what is defined as pornography.
According to the Minneapolis Ordinance, the definition of pornography is as follows: ‘Pornography is the graphic sexually explicit subordination of women through pictures and/or words that also includes one or more of the following: (i) women are presented dehumanized as sexual objects, things or commodities; or (ii) women are presented as sexual objects who enjoy pain or humiliation; or (iii) women are presented as sexual objects who experience sexual pleasure in being raped; or (iv) women are presented as sexual objects tied up or cut up or mutilated or bruised or physically hurt; or (v)women are presented in postures or positions of sexual submission, servility, or display; or (vi)women’s body parts—-including but not limited to vaginas, breasts, or buttocks—-are exhibited such that women are reduced to those parts; or (vii) women are presented as whores by nature; or (viii) women are presented being penetrated by objects or animals; or (ix) woman are presented in scenarios of degradation, injury, torture, shown as filthy or inferior, bleeding, bruised, or hurt in a context that makes these conditions sexual.’’ (Dworkin & MacKinnon, 1988)
My belief here is that Dworkin and MacKinnon are incapable of imagining that it is indeed possible for sexually explicit material to be free of abuse or exploitation. Their assertion is that there is no pornography without violence, and thus – all pornography should be looked upon as a breach of Civil Rights and a felony. Frankly – I beg to differ.
Previously I made the assertion that there is no conclusive evidence directly linking pornography itself to violence; I stand by that statement – however one thing I will concede is that pornography certainly has the power to change our attitudes towards sex and towards women (Jensen, 1994). The portrayal of women in pornography as existing for men’s pleasure, of being instantly accessible and subordinate is not uncommon and it is not something that I am comfortable with. However – there is a quote from feminist writer Ruth Wallsgrove that states: ‘I believe we should not agitate for more laws against pornography, but should rather stand up together and say what we feel about it, and what we feel about our own sexuality, and force men to re-examine their own attitudes to sex and women implicit in their consumption of porn (Wallsgrove, 1977). And I will say that I agree, and that we need to take that a step further.
Pornography itself is neither demeaning nor is it empowering. It is neither exploitative nor is it liberating. What makes the difference between abusive, misogynistic material and genuinely consensual, respectful, erotic entertainment is the people that have made it. It is how the actresses and actors are treated, it is what health and safety precautions are taken, it is how much input performers are given into the creation of the product, it is how our culture perceives what pornography should be and who views it. It is who buys the pornography, who produces it who they produce it for and why.
At the end of the day porn is just another business – business with cumshots, dildos and rim-jobs, but business just the same. Business responds to the wants of the market, and the market is a reflection of society. At the moment our society still dictates that women shouldn’t be sexually expressive or assertive, and that the only good wank is a male wank. Bollocks to that I say!
The assumption is that women aren’t interested in porn – but did anyone actually stop to ask? I’d hazard a guess that many women dislike porn not because they find it abusive – but because so much of it IS male dominated and the vast majority of it is tailored to what is supposedly male fantasy which, even I admit is often pretty distasteful. Women like sex too – just as much as men do. So, where’s our slice of the cake?
Pornography is a reflection of some parts of our natures that conventionally remain hidden, but will always find an outlet somewhere where we think we are safe and unseen and anonymous. Pornography has been around since our ancestors first took a blackened stick of charcoal and scratched obscenities onto cave walls. It exists in some form or another in every culture and has done at every point in time. To ban and to censor it will not only ensure that it will crop up unregulated and dangerous in bootlegged form, but it also means that it will never have any chance to evolve into what it should or could be. Personally – I’d love to see a porno industry that was vastly populated by women – strong, gorgeous, sexy brave, smart women that wanted to make smut on their own terms. Women that love getting fucked and filmed, getting fucked and filmed because they want to – not because some slime-ball director has told them to.
I live for the day when female producers and directors that can inject a little originality and class into the plastic fantastic wasteland. Porn with women, made by women for women. Now – if that isn’t empowerment, I don’t know what is. It is taking the power back from those that dominate and suppress – and turning it around on them. It is forcing the hitherto compliant market to re-examine what women’s sexualities are – rather than what they would like them to be. Does that make me idealistic? Of course it does – but why should that be a deterrent? The alternative is doing nothing at all…
Porn is here to stay. If you don’t like it, don’t watch it. But recognise that you can either hate it – or you can change it for the better. Grab the cameras and the towels ladies – we’ve got work to do!